· I am sharing the cognos q@A available in the http://cognos-master.blogspot.co.uk/. Please make a use of it.
Define
Cognos?
o
Cognos is Business
Intelligence and performance management software that enables users to extract
data, analyze it, and then assemble reports.
·
What
are the tiers of the Cognos Architecture?
o
IBM Cognos is three
Tier Architecture:
·
Ø Web server
·
Ø Applications
·
Ø Data
·
Define
Business Intelligence
o
Business Intelligence
is a broad category of application programs and technology used for querying, Reporting
and analyzing the business.
·
What
is a Data Mart?
§
A Data Mart is a
subset of a data warehouse that can provide data for reporting and analysis.
·
What
is HPQS?
§
Data Marts are
sometimes also called as HPQS (Higher Performance Query Structure).
·
What
is multi dimension analysis?
o
It is a technique to
modify the data so that the data can be view at the different levels of
details.
·
What
are the responsibilities of Cognos Administrator?
o
A Cognos Administrator
is assigned with following responsibilities.
o
Installations and
configurations in distributed network environment.
o
Creating the
Repository (Content Store).
o
Perform back up and
recovery of Meta Data.
o
Developing the user
Administration.
o
Tuning the servers.
o
Deployment.
·
Responsibility
of Cognos Architect?
o
An Architect is
responsible for designing the interface by fulfilling the user requirements.
§ Once the interface has been designed it should
be rigorously tested before distributing to the end user population.
·
Roles
of the Application Developer?
§
Design the Reports
according to the Report requirement templates.
o
Testing the each
report with the following types of tests.
§
Unit Testing
§
System Testing
§
Performance Testing
·
What
is OLAP?
§
OLAP stands for Online
Analytical Processing. It uses database tables (Fact and Dimension tables) to
enable multidimensional viewing, analysis and querying of large amount of data.
·
What
are the types of OLAPs?
o
DOLAP:-The OLAP tool which
works with desktop databases are called as DOLAP
·
Ex:- FoxPro, Clipper,
Dbase, Paradox.
o
ROLAP:-The OLAP tool,
which works with Relational databases, are called as ROLAP.
·
Ex:-Oracle, SQL
Server, Tera Data, DB2.
o
MOLAP: - The OLAP
tool, which works with Multidimensional databases, are called as MOLAP.
·
Ex: - ESSBASE, Power
Cube
o
HOLAP: - The OLAP tool
which works with Relational databases and Multidimensional database, are called
as MOLAP.
·
Ex: - Cognos, Business
Objects.
·
What
is OLTP?
o
OLTP stands for Online
Transaction Processing. Except data warehouse databases the other databases are
OLTPs. These OLTP databases are designed for recording the daily operations and
transactions of a business.
·
What
is an Interface?
o
An Interface is a
gateway between the user and database.
§
An Interface contains
a logical pointers which pointes to data in the Data Warehouse.
§ An Interface is isolates the complexity and
diversity if data bases.
§ A good OLAP Interface writes an efficient SQL
read on accurate data from database.
o
An Interface needs to
be designed by fulfilling the report requirement.
·
What
is the role of a Data Warehouse in creating the Interface?
o
Data Warehouse acts as
Source to the Interface.
·
What
are the types of components installed while loading the Cognos Software?
o
When we install the
Cognos Report Net Software there are two types of components get installed:-
o
Windows based
components.
o
Web based components.
·
Define
Windows based components?
§
A Framework manager is
windows based modeling tool used for creating a project (interface).
·
Define
Web based Components?
§
The following are the
web based components.
A. Cognos connection
A. Cognos connection
§
B. Query Studio
§
C. Report Studio
§
D. Analysis Studio
§
E. Event Studio
§
F. Metric Studio
·
Components
of Cognos ?
o
Framework manager.
o
Cognos connection
o
Query Studio
o
Report Studio
o
Analysis Studio
o
Event Studio
o
Metric Studio, Map
manager and Metrics designer
·
What
are the phases of the Cognos Workflow?
o
Plan, Manage, Model,
Author, Consume.
·
What
are the advanced features of Cognos?
o
The Cognos Report Net
has multilingual database accessibility.
o
The parameter maps are
key value phase, which are used for working with local Language that the
default value is ‘EN’.
·
·
Framework
Manager
·
What
is Framework manager?
§
Frame Work Manager is
windows based metadata modeling tool for Cognos studios.
·
Why
we need Framework manager?
o
To create the
interface known as Project.
§ To create model the metadata derived from one
or more data sources
·
How a
project appears in a Frame Work manager?
o
A frame work manager
project appears as a folder that contains a project file (.cpf) and the
specific XML files that define the project.
·
What
are the Building Blocks in Frame Work Manager?
o
The Query subjects are
called Building Blocks in Framework Manager.
·
What
are phases the workflow process consists in Framework Manager?
o
The workflow process
consists of the following phases:
·
Design and create
project
·
Prepare Metadata
·
Prepare the Business
View
·
Create and Manger
Packages
·
Set Security
·
Publish
·
Manage the Project
·
How
you set the security Framework manager?
o
To set the security
you have to set as:
·
Ø Define access
to packages.
·
Ø Create security
filters
·
Ø Define access
to objects
·
Ø Define package
administration access
·
Define
Name Space?
§
In security, a
collection of user accounts and user groups from an authentication provider.
o
A Name Space is a
container, which holds the Query Subjects.
o
A Name Space uniquely
represents the Query Subjects.
·
Can
you delete Cognos namespace?
o
No, we cannot delete
Cognos namespace
·
What
is the Cognos Namespace? And what it contains?
o
The Cognos namespace
is the Cognos built-in namespace
o
It contains Cognos
objects:
·
Groups
·
Roles
·
Sources
·
Distribution lists
·
Contacts
·
What
are the Groups and Roles?
§
Groups and roles
represent collections of users that perform similar tasks.
·
What
is Folder?
o
A Folder is used to
organize the Query Subjects.
·
Define
Relationship?
o
A Relationship is a
connection that explains how the data in one Query Subject relates to data in
other Query Subjects.
·
What
is a Package?
o
A container of
model or set of models. Modelers create packages in Framework Manager to
publish models to the Cognos connection.
·
What
is Physical layer?
o
The Physical layer
provides the physical query layer and is made up primarily of data source and
stored procedure query subjects. It acts as the foundation for the presentation
layer.
·
What
is Presentation layer?
§
The Presentation layer
makes it easier for report authors to find and understand their data. The
Presentation layer is made up primarily of model query subjects that you
create.
·
Define
function set:
o
A function set is a
collection of vendor specific database.
§ The Expression editor lists the function sets
for all available vendors. However, you can restrict the function sets, so that
it lists only the vendors that you want to use in your project.
·
What
is a Metadata?
§
Data about data is
called as Metadata. The Metadata contains the definition of a data.
·
What
is a Project?
o
When we work with a
framework manager you work in a project.
o
Project is a set of
metadata organized for Report Authors according to the Business rules and
Model.
§ A Project created appears as folder, which
contains following files.
§
Project Name .CPF
(Cognos Project File)
§
Model .XML
§
Preferences .XML
·
d.
Custom data .XML
e. archive-log.xml
f. log.xml
g. session-log.xml
h. session-log-backup.xml
i. IDLog.xml
e. archive-log.xml
f. log.xml
g. session-log.xml
h. session-log-backup.xml
i. IDLog.xml
·
The files in the
folder are unique to that Project.
·
Define
Publish?
o
To transfer all or
part of a Framework Manager model to the Cognos connection, so that report
authors can use it.
·
What
a Project contains?
·
A Model
·
Namespaces
·
Data sources
·
Parameter maps
·
Packages
·
Folders
·
Query Subject
·
Query Item
·
Relation ship
·
What
is a Model?
§
A model in Frame work
manager is a business presentation of the structure of the data from one or
more databases.
o
Or
o
A model is a set of
related query subjects and other objects.
·
What
are Dimensions?
o
Dimensions are
categories by which summarized data can be viewed.
·
What
are Confirmed Dimensions?
o
The Dimensions which
are reusable and fixed in nature.
·
What
are Fact Tables?
o
A Fact Table is a
table that contains summarized numerical (facts) and historical data. This Fact
Table has a foreign key – primary key relation with a dimension table.
·
What
are the types of FACTs?
o
The types of Facts
are:
o
Additive Facts: - A
Fact which can be summed up for any of the dimension available in the Fact
Table.
o
Semi-Additive Facts: -
A Fact which can be summed up to a few dimensions and not for all dimensions
and not for all dimensions available in the Fact Table.
o
Non-Additive Fact: - a
fact which cannot be summed up for any of the dimensions available in the Fact
Table.
·
Define
Query?
o
A description of the
data to be retrieved from a database.
·
Explain
about Data Source Query Subject?
o
Data Source query
subjects contain SQL statements the directly reference data in a single data
source. Frame work manager automatically creates a data source query subject
for each table and view that you import into model.
·
When
the default data source query subject is created?
o
During the initial
metadata import operation, a default data source query subject is created for
each object you select (for example table) and creates the default
relationships between query subjects for you automatically.
·
How
can you edit the data source query subject?
·
Apply or embed a
filter
·
ii. Apply
or embed a calculation
·
iii. Insert
a Macro
·
iv. Insert
a data source reference.
·
v. Change
the SQL type.
·
vi. Change
how SQL is generated.
·
These all are we can
find it in “Edit definition window”.
·
What
are the types of SQL?
o
SQL is the industry
language for creating, updating and querying relational data base management
system. Types of SQL.
o
Cognos SQL
o
Native SQL
o
Pass-through SQL.
·
Define
Cognos SQL?
o
By default Cognos
Frame work manager uses Cognos SQL to create and edit Query subjects.
o
Advantages:
o
Can contain metadata
from multiple data sources.
o
Have fewer database
restrictions
o
Interact more
effectively with Cognos applications.
·
Disadvantages:
o
You can not enter
nonstandard SQL.
·
Define
Native SQL?
o
Native SQL is the SQL,
the data source uses, such as Oracle SQL, but you cannot uses Native SQL in a
query subject that references more than one data source in the project.
o
Advantages:
o
Performance is
optimized across all related query subjects.
o
You can use SQL that
is specific to your database.
·
Disadvantages:
o
You cannot use SQL
that the data source does not support for sub queries.
o
The query subject may
not work on different database type.
·
Define
Pass-Through SQL?
o
Pass-Through SQL lets
you use native SQL without any of the restrictions the data source imposes on
sub queries.
o
Advantages:
o
You can enter any SQL
supported by the database.
·
Disadvantages:
§ There is no opportunity for Frame work manager
to automatically optimize performance. The SQL may not work on a different data
source.
·
What
are Query Processing Types?
o
There are two types of
query processing.
o
Limited Local: The
database server does as much of the SQL processing and Execution as possible.
However, some reports or report sections use local SQL processing.
o
Database only: The
database server does all the SQL processing and execution with the exception of
tasks not supported by the database. An error appears if any reports of report
sections require local SQL processing.
·
What
is Query Subject?
o
A Query Subject maps
to the table in the database.
§ A Query Subject uses an SQL to retrieve the
data from the data source.
o
A Query Subject is
also known as Business View.
·
What
are the types of Query subjects?
o
Default data source
query subjects
o
Model Query Subjects
o
Stored Query subjects
·
What
is a Query Item?
§
A query Item maps to
columns to the database table. A Query Subject contains Query Items.
·
How
can you restrict the tables retrieved by a query?
o
By setting governors
we can restrict the tables.
·
What
is meant by Governors?
o
To apply privileges
and restrictions for a user class. Governor settings are used to set
restrictions on queries by user class, such as
o
Sorting on non-indexed
columns
o
Outer joins
o
Suppress duplicates
o
Cross-product queries
o
Retrieval of large
text items
o
Number of records
o
Number of tables
o
Query execution time
·
What
is a User Class?
·
A defined group of
users with the same data access needs privileges and restrictions.
·
What
is Scrubbing at Project level?
·
According to the
report requirements derive the new Items with the help of existing Query Items.
This process is known as Scrubbing at Project level.
·
How
can you add the calculated data to a report?
§
Summarize existing
detail values predefined summary functions (such as sum, avg)
§
Create new report
items using data from existing report items.
§
Use model calculations
provided in the package.
·
What
are the sources to create new Query subjects?
§
A new Query Subject
can be created from the following sources.
o
Model (Query subjects
& Query Items)
o
Data Sources (Tables
and Columns)
o
Stored Procedure.
·
What
is Multi Database Access in Cognos ?
o
In
Cognos "Framework Manager" a Project can be created from
multiple databases. The databases can be either homogenous or hydrogenous.
·
What
are Parameter Maps?
§
A Parameter Map is a
key value pair used in creation of conditional Query Subjects.
§ A Parameter map sub situates the values at the
query at runtime.
·
What
is the default formats of reports?
o
HTML, PDF, CSV, and
XML.
·
What
are the different ways to modify multi lingual metadata?
o
Macro :- To modify
dynamically
o
Directly
·
What
is a Macro?
o
A Macro is a run time
object, which uses the parameter maps and session parameters in developing the
conditional query subjects.
·
What
is usage property? And what are different settings to set usage property?
o
It identifies the
intended use for the data represented by each query item.
o
It determines the
aggregation rules of query items and calculations.
o
The different usage
property settings are:
o
* Identifies
* Fact
* Attribute
* Unknown
* Fact
* Attribute
* Unknown
·
What
are the types of filters in Framework manager?
o
In framework manager
we can create two types of filters.
o
Stand Alone Filters.
o
Embedded Filters.
·
Define
Model Filter?
§
A filter is a
condition used to restrict the data displayed in the Report.
o
Model filter are
reusable.
·
Define
Data restriction:
o
A filter is a
condition, which restricts the amount of data displayed in the report.
·
What
is condition?
o
An expression that
yields a Boolean value. Conditions are used in query expressions, query
filters, and Boolean report variables that can be used for conditional
formatting, styles, data sources, layouts and blocks.
·
Types
of Conditions:
o
Conditions are of 2
types:
o
Static Condition: -
Condition doesn’t change whenever you run the report.
o
Dynamic Condition: -A
condition can be keep on change whenever you run the report.
·
What
are the types of filters in Report Studio?
o
In the report studio
we can find two types of filters.
o
Tabular Filters:-
These filters are two types
§
Summary Filters
§
Detailed Filters
o
Grouped Filter
·
What
is a Loop?
o
A Loop is a closed
path which is resulted due to joins.
o
A Loop causes
performance degradation of query execution and wrong data will be displayed in
the report.
o
A Loop can
be resolved by creating the short cuts (Alias).
·
What
is Alias Table?
o
An alternative name
for a table generally used in self joins.
·
What
are the uses of Alias Table?
o
The uses of Alias
Table are:
o
To resolve the Loops.
o
To create self-joins
with in a table.
o
To provide alternate
join structure.
·
What
is Associated Data Item?
o
A Data Item linked to
the group data item. Associated data item suppress duplicate data values but do
not generate a control break. The associated column displays only one data
values for the group with which it is associated.
·
What
is Automatic Association?
o
The group association
of a newly created summary. The location of the group where you create the
summary determines its automatic association.
·
What
is an Ambiguous Relationship?
o
An ambiguous
relationship is where there are multiple relationship paths between one or more
query subjects leaving multiple options for how to write a query.
·
What
is a Join and types of Joins?
§
A Join identifies the
columns from one table that are used to link to another table.
§
A Join is commonly
formed by a foreign key definition within the database.
o
Types of Joins:-
o
Equi-joins
o
Non equi-joins
o
Outer joins
·
What
is a dimension?
o
A broad grouping of
descriptive data about a major aspect of a business, such as products, dates,
or markets. Each dimension includes different levels of members in one or more
hierarchies, and an optional set of calculated members.
·
What
is a Confirmed Dimension?
o
If a Dimension is
connected to multiple fact tables then it is called as Confirmed Dimension.
·
What
is a Junk Dimension?
o
A randomly used
dimension is Junk Dimension.
·
Define
Surrogate Key?
o
It has system-generated
artificial primary key values, which allows to maintain historical records in
the Data Warehouse more effectively.
·
What
are the User Interface Components?
·
Ø Cognos
Connection
·
Ø Report Studio
·
Ø Query Studio
·
Ø Frame work manager
·
Ø Cognos configuration
·
§ Cognos Connection
·
Define
Cognos connection?
o
It is a web portal,
which allows you to perform the following tasks.
o
Creating the Reports
o
Performing the
scheduling tasks
o
Deployment
o
Use to access all
corporate data available in ReportNet.
·
What
are the types of folders in Cognos connection?
o
Report can be
organized by creating the folders.
o
Public Folders: Public
Folders can be viewed by many users.
o
My Folders: Personal
Folders that you can organize according to your preferences.
·
What
is a job?
o
A group of reports and
other jobs in Cognos that you run and schedule as a batch.
·
What is
a job step?
o
The smallest part of a
job that can be run separately. Usually, a job step is a report. A job step can
also be another job.
·
Define
content language?
o
The code or setting
that specifies what language and regional preferences to use for the data that
appears in a report.
·
What
is deployment?
o
The process of moving
a Reports, models to a different instance of Cognos. For example, you often
create reports in a test environment and then deploy them to production.
o
When you deploy an
application, you export, transfer, and import it.
·
What
is the use of Schedule?
o
The schedule allows
you to run a report at a later time or run it on a recurring basis.
·
What
are the uses of Schedule Management tool?
·
Change the properties
of a job
·
Modify a scheduled
report
·
View the run history
of a report
·
Run a scheduled entry
once
·
Delete a schedule
·
What
is a Sub Report?
o
A sub query that is
associated with a main query. You can include several sub reports in one main
query. You can have more than one query on a page.
·
What
is a Cognos Script?
o
A Script visual basic
used to write macros.
·
What
is a Catalog?
o
A Catalog is a data
base for a user to create own tables, joins, items, prompts, calculations and
conditions.
·
Report Studio
·
What
is a Report Studio?
o
Using Report Studio we
can create more advanced professional Business Reports.
·
What
is burst?
o
To create many report
results by running a single report once. For example, you can create a report
that shows sales for each employee, and run it once, sending different results
to regional managers by bursting on region.
o
You set up bursting in
Report Studio and enable it in the portal.
·
Define
calculated member?
o
A member of a
dimension whose measure values are not stored but are calculated at run time
using an expression.
·
What
is cardinality?
o
For OLAP data sources,
cardinality is the number of members in a hierarchy. The cardinality property
for a hierarchy is used to assign solve orders to expressions.
o
For relational data
sources, cardinality indicates the nature of the relationship between two query
subjects, query items, or other model objects.
·
Define
report specification?
o
An XML representation
of the queries, prompts, layouts, and styles in a report. You create report
specifications by using Report Studio or Query Studio, or by writing your own
report specifications in XML.
·
What
is report view?
o
A reference to another
report that has its own properties, such as prompt values, schedules, and
results.
o
You use report views
to share a report specification instead of making copies of it.
·
What
is report item?
o
A query item that is
added to a report is known as a report item.
o
Report items appear as
columns in list reports, and as rows and columns in crosstab reports. In
charts, report items appear as data markers and axis labels.
·
What
is work area?
o
The area within a
studio that contains the report, analysis, query or agent currently being used.
·
What
is Simple List Report?
o
The data is displayed
in a series of columns (Tabular format).
·
How
to set Page Breaks?
o
To set the page breaks
in the report needs to be designed with either Group or Section.
o
Each Group or section
will be displayed in a separate page.
·
What
is the procedure for Page Breaks?
o
Select the Grouped
Report Item, from the changed layout menu click on set page breaks.
·
Define
Sections:
o
Like group a section
also eliminates the duplicates and display the report item as a separate block
and separated from rest of other report items.
·
How
to eliminate duplicates?
o
The duplicates can be eliminated
by creating the Groups
·
What
is a prompt?
o
A prompt is an end
users object which allows you to select the values or enter the values to
restrict the data displayed in the report.
o
A report element that
asks for parameter values before the report is run.
o
A Prompt is known as
dynamic filter.
o
Prompt can be created
using Parameters enclosed between ? marks.
·
Ex :- ?prompt?
·
What
are the types of Prompts?
o
The following are the
types of prompts:
o
Text box Prompt
o
Value Prompt
o
Select and Search
Prompt
o
Date Prompt
o
Time Prompt
o
Date and time Prompt.
·
How
many ways are there to create prompt?
o
To create a prompt you
can:
·
Ø Use the Build
prompt page tool.
·
Ø Build your own
prompt and prompt page.
·
Ø Create a
prompt directly in a report page.
·
What
is a Non-reusable prompt?
o
The prompts that are
created in the report environment are called as Non-reusable prompts.
·
What
is a cascading prompt?
o
A prompt that uses
values from a previous prompt to filter the values in the current prompt or
Pick list.
·
How
many ways we can create Cascading Prompt?
o
A Cascading Prompt can
be developed in a two different ways.
o
Single select and auto
submit cascading prompt.
o
Multi select and
Re-prompt button cascading prompt.
·
What
kind of relationship is required for cascading prompt?
o
To develop the
cascading prompt the relationship between the dimensional query Items should be
1 to many (1: M).
·
What
is a filter?
o
A filter is a
condition, which restricts the amount of data displayed in the report.
·
What
is Detailed Filter?
o
If the filter is
applied before aggregation known as aggregated records are filtered. (Detailed
Records are filtered)
·
What
is Summary Filter?
o
If the filter applied
after aggregation than aggregated records are filtered.
·
What
is Group Filter?
o
A filter which is
applied to the group is known as Group Filter.
·
Define
Sorting:
o
Sorts the data in the
following 2 directions
o
Ascending
o
Descending
o
The default sort is
don’t sort.
·
Define
the Custom Group:
§
A custom group allows
you to compare one element in the attribute with remaining all elements with in
the same attribute.
o
It is defined for
comparative analyses.
o
It allows comparing
one element with remaining all.
·
How
the pages of a single report delivered to the browser?
o
Based on the order of
the pages add to the report.
·
In
How many file formats we can export Report Data.
o
The data can be
exported into the following file formats
o
PDF format (Portable
Document Format)
o
CSV Format (Comma
Separated Value)
o
XML Format
·
Use
of Header and Footer in Reports?
o
Headers and Footers
allow you to format the report and present the data in a readable format.
·
Can
you convert list to Cross tab report?
o
Yes, to gain a
different perspective on your data, you can convert a list report into a cross
tab report.
o
Note: To convert list
to cross tab report minimum 3 report items required.
·
Can
you converting to repeater?
o
Only a list report can
be converted into a repeater. You cannot convert a cross tab or chart into a
repeater.
·
What
is a Calculation?
o
According to the
report requirement a calculation needs to be done using an object known as
calculation object this process is known as OLAP Scrubbing.
·
What
are the types of Calculations?
o
There are three types
of Calculations:-
o
Detail:- Calculation
is performed for non-aggregated (Detail) records
o
Group: - Calculation
is performed for aggregated records.
o
Layout Calculation: -
Calculation is performed to develop customized report titles, page No, etc...
·
To
get the possible outcomes what types of variables you use?
§
Boolean variable: If
there are only two possible outcomes, where the value will be YES or NO.
o
String variable: If
there is more than one outcome, based on string values you will specify.
§
Language variable:
Language variable when the values are different languages.
·
What
is Master detail relationship?
§
A Master detail
relationship allows you to merge a Master query and Detail query.
§
To link the Master
query and the Detailed query there should be a common column between the query.
o
A Master detail report
provides navigation form summary to detail.
·
What
is Drill Through?
o
A Drill Through allows
you to navigate the information from summery to detail.
o
A Drill Through id
developed with two reports
o
Parent Report which
contains Summary Data.
o
Child Report which
contains Detailed Data.
·
Their should be a
common column between the two reports.
·
Define
Cross Tab Report:
o
Design a Cross Tab
Report for comparative analysis. Cross tab report is created with 3
drop zones.
o
Row
o
Column
o
Measure
·
What
all the types of Cross Tab layouts Cognos Report Net supports?
o
Cognos Report net
supports only Basic and Nested Cross Tab layouts.
·
Define
a chart:
o
A Chart is a graphical
presentation of business data.
o
A chart Report is
designed for comparative Analysis.
·
What
are the different types of charts?
o
Column chart
o
Bar Chart
o
Pie Chart
o
Line Chart
o
Area Chart
o
Point Chart
o
Radar Chart
·
Define
Collapse Group:
o
It will suppress
(hide) the details of a grouped report.
·
Define
Expand Group:
o
It restores the
details. A report needs to be designed with group.
·
·
Query Studio
·
What
is Query Studio?
o
Query Studio is the
adhoc querying tool.
·
What
is a adhoc report?
o
An adhoc report is a
simple report or one-time report that is outside the set of standard reports
you may have available to you.
o
A design time
environment acts as a runtime environment.
o
It’s also known as
self service.
·
What
is measure?
o
A query item that
contains values that can be aggregated to produce meaningful results. For
example, product costs can be treated as a measure because average and total
costs have some meaning, but product codes, though numbers, are not usually
treated the same way. Measures are quantitative performance indicators.
o
Measures give the
numbers that usually appear in the cells of cross tab reports or in the numbers
of a chart.
o
Measures are also
known as facts.
·
How
Grand totals and Sub totals are generated in Query Studio?
o
In Query Studio the
footer summaries (Grand Totals) are automatically generated for measures.
o
The sub totals can be
generated by creating the Groups.
·
Define
layout:
o
In reporting, layout
defines the appearance of the report, including formatting, style, and design.
·
In report
specifications, layout is also the name of an element that defines how the data
returned by queries is presented.
·
IBM
Cognos FAQ’s
·
Cognos
8
o
Cognos ReportNet with
enhancements + EP7 series.
·
Which
server tire is responsible for transforming information to Cognos 8 Application
Server?
§
A Web server contains
one or more web gateways which is responsible for transforming the information
from one server to an appropriate server.( Cognos 8 Application Server) .
·
Which
Server Tire processes the users request?
o
Application Tire
server, It’s a main server which process users request.
·
What
is the role of Data Tire?
o
Data tire contains
content store and data source.
·
What
is content store?
o
The database that
contains all data that ReportNet needs to operate, such as
•
Report specifications,
published models, and the packages that contain them
•
Connection information
for data sources
•
Information about the
external namespace, and the Cognos namespace itself
•
Information about
scheduling and bursting reports
o
Design models and log
files are not stored in the content store.
·
The ReportNet service
that uses the content store is named Content Manager.
·
What
the gateways Cognos web server supports?
§
CGI (Common Gateway
Interface):- This is the default gateway supported to all web servers.
§ ISAPI (Internet service Application
Programming Interface):- Use this gateway for Microsoft Internet
Information Services (IIS) web server.
§ Apache-Mod :- This gateway is used for Apache
Web Server.
·
Report Studio
·
What
are enhancements in list report in Cognos 8 Report Studio?
o
A list report is
enhanced with following features:
o
Can apply List column
Title Style
o
Can apply list column
Body Style
o
Can apply the table
Style
·
What
are enhancements in cross tab report in Cognos 8?
o
A Cross tab report is
enhanced with following features:
§ Can create the union Cross tabs.
§ Can create headers and footers for a cross
tab.
§ List like cross tab.
·
What
are enhancements in Chart report in Cognos 8?
o
A Chart report is
enhanced with following features:
o
The following new
charts are add
§ Gauge Charts
§ 3D point chart
§ By polar axis charts (used for
Bio-technology).
o
The chart can be
applied with patterns, Fonts, Colors.
o
Can perform drill on
chart.
·
4.Now we can create
map reports which includes Geographical information and compares the business
with various geographies.
·
What
is Prompt Cache?
·
When a report contain
a prompt executes a prompt queries the data from database at very first time
and stores the results in prompt cache.
·
Analysis
Studio
·
What
is Analyses studio?
o
In analyses studio
users can explore analyses and compare dimensional data. Use Analyses studio to
read the data from multiple dimensional structures known as Cubes.
·
What
are report Analyses Studio supports?
o
Analyses studio
supports only cross tab, charts.
·
What
is Cube?
o
A physical data source
containing a multidimensional representation of data. A cube contains
information organized into dimensions and optimized to provide faster retrieval
and navigation in reports.
·
Query Studio
·
What
are enhancements in Cognos 8 Query Studio?
o
Formatting :- Now
query studio allows you to format the report with font, colors, and border
styles.
o
Conditional Formatting
:- The data in the report can be formatted based on given condition this allows
you to quickly identify the data for faster analyses.
o
Applying Templates
:-Templates can be created in report studio which can be applied to the reports
created in Query Studio.
o
Improved Filtering :-
Query Studio allows you to create more advanced filters using logical
operators. AND or OR.
o
Query Data from OLAP
sources (cube) :- Now Query Studio supports in reading the data from
multi-dimensional structures known as Cubes.
o
Supports Hierarchy
Levels :- Since Query studio reads the data from Cube which is defined with hierarchy
levels it supports multi-dimensional analyses. (Drill Up, Drill Down, Drill
Across).
·
What
is Conditional format?
§
The data in the report
can be formatted based on given condition this allows you to quickly identify
the data for faster analyses.
·
Metric
Studio Application
·
A set of metric types,
metrics, and scorecards that monitor the performance of an organization.
·
Each organization may
have several Metric Studio applications monitoring distinct units, such as
operating companies or divisions that have different user communities, metric
types or reporting calendars.
·
Define
Metric designer?
o
It’s a Cognos 8
modeling tool use to create extracts for using Cognos 8 score cording
applications.
·
Transformer
·
What is Transformer in Cognos 8?
·
It’s
a modeling tool for creating the Power Cubes for use with Cognos EP7 series and
Cognos 8.
·
What
is a Power Cube?
·
A
file that contains data that is structured to provide for fast retrieval and
exploration of data in Power Play.
·
What
is the role of Transformer?
·
Transformer is used to
create dimensional models and also create cubes.
·
Event Studio
·
Define Event Studio:
o Use the event studio
to perform the tasks when the business event occurs.
o
When an event occur
people are alerted to take actions.
·
Define
burst:
o
To create many report
results by running a single report once. For example, you can create a report
that shows sales for each employee, and run it once, sending different results
to regional managers by bursting on region.
o
You set up bursting in
Report Studio and enable it in the portal.
·
What
is a report?
o
A set of data
deliberately laid out to communicate business information. Depending on the
context, "report" may refer to report specification or report output.
·
Report (more
precisely, report specification) is the generic term for the objects created by
edited by Query Studio, Report Studio, and Analysis Studio.
·
What
is Report specification?
o
The definition of
queries, prompts, layouts, and styles that make up a report. A report
specification is combined with data by a run operation to create report
outputs. You create report specifications by using Report Studio, Query Studio,
Analysis Studio, or through the Software
·
Development Kit.
·
Define
report output?
o
A report output
combines data at the point in time when the report was run with a report
specification. It is a document that can be displayed, printed or emailed.
Cognos 8 can produce report outputs in HTML, PDF, Excel, or CSV formats.
·
Define
Content Manager:
o
The Cognos 8 service
that manages the storage of customer applications, including
application-specific security, configuration data, models, metrics, reports,
and report output.
·
Content Manager is
needed to publish models, retrieve or store report specifications, manage
scheduling information, and manage the Cognos namespace.
·
What
is data source?
·
A relational database,
dimensional cube, file, or other physical data store that can be accessed
though Cognos 8.
·
Define
data tree:
o
Within a studio,
contains objects such as query subjects, query items, dimensions, levels, and
members. A data tree is used as a palette of the available data that can be
inserted into calculations, filters, display areas, and other authoring
gestures.
·
Define
drill down:
o
The act of navigating
from one level of data to a more detailed level. The levels are set by the
structure of the data.
·
Define
drill up:
o
The act of navigating
from one level of data to a less detailed level. The levels are set by the
structure of the data.
·
What
is hierarchy?
o
A hierarchy represents
a collection of dimensional members organized into a tree structure, with each
member having one or more parent members and an arbitrary number of child
members.
o
The root of a
hierarchy has no parent, and leaf members of a hierarchy have no children.
·
What
is layout?
o
In reporting, layout
defines the appearance of the report, including formatting, style, and design.
o
In report
specifications, layout is the portion of the specification that defines how the
data returned by queries is presented.
·
Define
level:
o
A level is a set of
members that have common attributes. For example, a geographical dimension
might contain levels for country, region, and city. Levels are used to define
the structure of hierarchies in a dimension.
·
What
is member?
o
A member is a unique
item within a level. For example, Camping Equipment and Golf Equipment are
members of the Product Line level.
·
Define
locale:
o
A code that is used to
set the language or dialect used for browsers, report text, and so on; and the
regional preferences, such as formats for time, date, money, money expressions,
and time of day.
o
For Cognos products,
you can specify a locale for the product interface (product locale) and for the
data in the report (content locale).
·
Define multidimensional
expression language (MDX):
o
An abbreviation for
multidimensional expression language, MDX is the multidimensional equivalent of
SQL. Cognos 8 allows report authors to type in their queries using MDX
expressions in Report Studio for dimensional data sources.
·
Use
of repeater:
o
In Report Studio, a
cell container that repeats values within itself with no predefined internal
structure.
·
Define
Repeater table:
o
In Report Studio, a
table-like container that repeats cells across and down the page for row in the
associated query.
·
What
is template?
o
A reusable reports
layout or style that can be used to set the presentation of a query or report.
·
Define
work area:
o
The area within a
studio that contains the report, analysis, query or agent currently being used.
·
What
is a Hot File?
o
A separate local data
table that can be added to your catalog or used in the report as a data source
and as if it is a regular database table. A Hot File can be joined either with
a database table or with another Hot File itself.
·
What
is Impromptu?
o
Impromptu is a windows
based powerful interactive query and reporting tool that lets you query data
and create sophisticated reports in a easy – to- use and sophisticated desktop
and interface.
·
What
is the difference b/w macros and prompt?
·
Macro is a dynamic
object which is used to substitute the values at query run time.
·
Prompt is a report
element that asks for values before the report is run.
·
What
is a Cube size?
o
Cube size is not
static. it can be defined according to Project but we can create up to 2GB
·
What
is refreshing of cube and how can we do it?
§
Refreshing a cube
means getting the latest records from content store. we have an option to
refresh cube.
·
what
is meant by dash boards/flash cards?
o
Dash Board reports are
used to create many reports in one report.
·
What
is the usage of html object in tools box?
o
By using HTML object,
We can insert multimedia file into report. At the run time we can see the file
multimedia file.
·
How
can we use conditional blocks?
o
Conditional Blocks
adds an empty block that you can use for conditional formatting. You can hide
and show report elements.
·
What
is cube group?
o
Set of similar cubes
built by Transformer.
·
What
is burst reporting?
o
Burst reporting means
sending a single report to multiple recipients using Cognos connection.
·
What
is Level Span?
o
Level Span is used to
avoid 1:1 relationship.
Hi,
ReplyDeleteThank you for giving very valuable information on Cognos . These questions are helpful to get in an interview